Hedysarum turcicum (Fabaceae: Hedysareae), a new species from Turkey
Introduction
Hedysarum (Fabaceae), is the largest genus of Hedysarea tribe and is represented in 140-180
species around the world. Onobrychis containing about 130 species and Caragana
containing 70 species are the other dominant species of this tribe (Lock, 2005). Species of a
genus; temperate Eurasia north of the equator, North Africa and North America shows a
widespread (Hedge, 1970a). In Turkey, 26 Hedysarum taxa are grown, 13 of which are
endemic. Most of these taxa prefer arid habitats such as steppe and reef (Davis & al., 1988).
In the tribe, Hedysarum is a genus that taxonomical limits are quite difficult to determine.
(Liu & al, 2017). The fact that many species included in the genera were subsequently
transferred to 16 different genera, such as Onobrychis, Alhagi, Desmodium, and Sella, is the
best indication of this (Choi & Ohashi, 2003). Hedysarum infrageneric classification is also
very problematical. Until recently, the genus was classified into seven sections: Crinifera,
Fruticosa, Membranacea, Multicaulia, Obscura, Spinosissima and Subacaulia. (Fedtschenko,
1902). After the revision based on morphology, wood anatomy, and pollen properties, the
Obscura section was incorporated into the Hedysarum Section, taking into account the
similarity of the characters they have, only the Spinosissima section represented by the
Hedysarum Spinosissimum species were transferred to the Sulla species the Fruticosa section
was transferred to Corethrodrendron genus, and the Multicaulis, Crinifera, and Subaculia
sections were transferred to subsection has been converted. Also, Stracheya, previously
regarded as a genus, was transferred as a section under the Hedysarum species (Choi &
Ohashi, 1996).
Having indehiscent lomentum (pod) fruit is the most prominent feature of Hedysarum
species. Turkey Hedysarum taxa are separated with characters such as; lifetime; stemabsence; pair number of leaflets, hairiness and shape; scape length, inflorescence; calyx
tube/calyx teeth ratio; Corolla/Calyx ratio; standard length, standard/keel ratio; pod hair
type, joint pod number, and joint length (Hedge, 1970a).
Material and methods
The specimen of plants forming the material of this article were gathered from marly steppe
in Yazıkışla village (Turkey, Yozgat province) in the District of Boğazlıyan in June 2017.
Associated with H. elegans H. cappadocicum species, the collected Hedysarum specimens
were compared (Yıldırımlı, 2012). In morphological comparison, GAZI, ANK and HUB
herbarium specimens were used. In the measurements, a 0.5 mm ruler was used, and the
Canon EOS 60D was used to capture the pictures.
Taxonomic treatment
As a result of the literature review and the case studies, it was decided that the Hedysarum
specimens collected from Yozgat were new species for the science world. The newly
identified species is included in Subacaulia subsection, which is evaluated in the Multicaulia
section (Choi & Ohashi, 2003).
Habitat and Ecology
Hedysarum turcicum belongs to Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region and is an endemic
species for Central Anatolia according to the current distribution information. The species
prefers marly steppes from around- meters. In general, these areas are under the
influence of arid summers and a cold climate in winter. For now, it is estimated that it has
grown in approximately 4 square kilometers only at Type address. On the other hand; in
Yozgat, Boğazlıyan, Yenifakılı, Çayıralan districts and Kayseri province Felahiye, Özvatan,
Sarıoğlan districts have similar climate and soil areas are common. The species is very likely
to grow in these areas. Given this possibility, it was decided that it would be appropriate to
collect more data to spot the threat category of the species. H. turcicum lives in the marly
steppes with; Thymus sipyleus, Festuca valesiaca, Minuartia anatolica, and Alyssum pateri.
Hedysarum turcicum is similar to many of its morphological characters; he is a close relative
with H. elegans. Especially regarding characters such as habit, bract length and keel width it
is similar to H. cappadocicum. The new species is separated from both species concerning
the shape of the bract, the length of the bracteole and the length of the wing auricle,
especially the color of the Corolla.
When the distribution areas of these three species are examined; From H. elegans where H.
turcicum is a close relative, it is observed that it grows quite far away from the marly
steppes.
New species and H. cappadocicum are close as their distribution, but their similarity to
morphological characters is limited. Given the distribution and morphological similarities, it
can be said that H. elegans, who grew up in the northeast of Turkey, H. turcicum was
vicariant of Central Anatolia. The identification key that can be used to distinguish
Hedysarum turcicum from its close relatives and similar species is given below.
Preferred Words
NOT: Metin içinde italik yazan tüm ifadeler Latince canlı adlarıdır. Bunlar çeviride olduğu gibi
kullanılacak. Örneğin; Hedysarum, Hedysarum turcicum, H. elegans gibi.
Altseksiyon: subsection
Marn: marly
Bozkır: steppe
Omurga: keel
Brakte: Bract
Örnek: specimen
Brakteol: bracteole
Oymak: tribe
Çift: pair
Pod: pod
Cins: genus, çoğulu genara
Sınır: limit
Cinsaltı: infrageneric
Skap: scape
Dişler: teeth
Standart: standard
Eklem: joint
Takson: taxon, çoğulu taxa
Fitocoğrafik: phytogeographic
Tehdit kategorisinin: threat category
Gövde: stem
Teşhis anahtarı: identification key
Habit: habit
Tip: type
Ilıman: temparate
Tür: species
Kaliks: Calyx
Tüy: hair
Kanat: wing
Tüylülük: hairiness
Korolla: Corolla
Vikaryant: vicariant
Kulakçık: auricle
Yakın akraba: close relative
Kurak: arid veya xeric
Yaprakçık: leaflet
Lomentum: lomentum
Yayılış: distribution